Lava rock
As the name would suggest, this type of rock originates from volcanic lava. Lava rock is commonly used for the same reasons as Akadama and…
Pumice
Pumice is a solidified volcanic lava foam. It is used to retain water, give off nutrients and provides a fantastic base for root growth. A…
Akadama
Akadama is a natural volcanic Japanese clay. It’s a (commercially produced) hard-baked clay that is widely used for bonsai purposes. Akadama is used to improve…
Substrate
Substrate refers to physical layers, but it’s more commonly known as soil. So, for more information, check out the Daily Bonsai Soil Wiki page.